The Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller And Fences

â€Å"And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream,†-Martin Luther King Jr. The American Dream is simply the idea that every person has the same chance to achieve success through hard work. The Death of Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson closely hold a relatable pursuit of the American dream. In both texts, the parents and children were torn apart from each other because of their pursuit of the American Dream. This goal (American Dream) tears the families apart because in Fences Cory wants to follow Troy’s footsteps by playing a professional sport, but Troy doesn’t want him to get involved in sports because of he has experienced†¦show more content†¦That’s whose fault it is!,†(Miller 131). Both of these fathers want to see their family succeed, but get caught up in family problems and both end up passing away. The mothers of these plays were key contributors to attempting to help their families get back together. Rose tries to bring her family back together by making the boy build a fence in the quote,†Cory:I don’t see why Mama want a fence around the yard nowadays. Troy: Damn if i know either. What the hell she keeping out with it? She ain’t got nothing nobody want. Bono:Some people build to keep others out†¦ and other people build fences to keep people in. Rose wants to hold on to you all. She loves you,†(Wilson 2.1.32). This is a great point made by Nono because Rose is trying to make the boys bond by making them put together a fence, symbolising the reconstruction of their relationship. In the Death of a Salesman, Linda repeatedly attempts to keep the family together, especially in the quote,†Biff: Will you let me go, for Christ’s sake? Will you take that phony dream and burn it before something happens? I’ll go in the morning. Pu t him — put him to bed. Willy: Isn’t that — isn’t that remarkable? Biff — he likes me! LINDA: He loves you, Willy!,†(Miller 133). This perfectly showcases how Linda is a vital piece to the Loman family, because without her their family would probably have been separated. It’s evident thatShow MoreRelated Comparing Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson1267 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson have similar themes of conflicts between fathers and sons, conflicts between husbands and wives, and the need to focus on a small unit of space in order to achieve success. In the process of developing these themes throughout the two plays, three similar symbolic elements are used including the insecure father figure, the other woman, and the garden. Read MoreComparing Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson 1403 Words   |  6 PagesFences written by August Wilson and Death of a Salesman written by Arthur Miller are two plays that could be considered very different in terms of their plot. The plots of both plays contain two very different cultural backgrounds which affects each protagonist differently. If the reader or audience looks past the plot into the theme and symbolisms used they can see that the plays are more similar than they are different. In spite of the different cultural backgro unds of each protagonist they bothRead MoreStruggles and Tensions in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson1437 Words   |  6 Pages In drama, struggles and tensions within the lives of characters and the situations they face are important for the building of the plot and maintaining the attention of the audience. In Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson, the main characters of the plays face struggles which move the plot along, while adding anticipation and excitement. Willy and Troy face struggles internally and externally with society. Willy struggles with failing business, while Troy strugglesRead More The Link between Sports and Success in Death of a Salesman and Fences1124 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween Sports and Success in Death of a Salesmannbsp; and Fences Sports have become one of the most dominant elements in society. Today sports are an integral part of lifestyle, entertainment and leisure. Sports have become an outlet for success and prestige. The recurring emphasis on sports appears in both Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman and August Wilson’s Fences. While Death of a Salesman portrays sports as a means to popularity and subsequent success, Fences portrays sports negatively,Read MoreThe American Dream in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller1127 Words   |  5 PagesMany people dream of the American dream. To have a big house, two kids and a picket fence. In Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman every character uses lies and deceit as a way to escape reality. With this said, it is only Biff’s character that is dynamic, realizing the error of his ways. Constantly, each character escapes their problems with deceit. Even Biff remains in this state of falsehood, until he reaches his epiphany. The main character Willy Loman, is constantly fooling himself intoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Of A Salesman And Millers And Williams Plays1102 Words   |  5 PagesThe playwrights we discussed after Tennessee Williams have adapted disparate elements of postmodernism to undermine the modernist assumptions undergirding O’Neill’s, Glaspell’s, Wilder’s, Miller’s and Williams’ plays. I will use Fences, The Hungry Woman, Topdog/Underdog, Glengarry Glen Ross, Six Degrees of Separation, and The Heidi Chronicles to support my claim. To start off, I will come up with working definitions of modernism and post-modernism. Modernism is a movement in culture that seeks toRead MoreFailure Of The American Dream In The Writings Of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Zora Neale Hurston, And August Wilson1418 Words   |  6 Pages†American Dream† in the writings of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Arthur Miller, Zora Neale Hurston, and August Wilson. Fitzgerald’s account of the Jay Gatsby s rise to fame in the 1920s defines the failure of financial success as part of the American Dream. Gatsby will eventually die due to his excessive greed, which is not unlike the emotional death of Willy Loman as he fails to become a successful salesman in Author Miller’s Death of a Salesman. More so, Hurston’s depiction of Nanny’s own failures inRead More Dehumanization in Death of a Salesman Essay example1245 Words   |  5 PagesDehumanization in Death of a Salesman      Ã‚   Alienation and loneliness are two of the frequently explored themes in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman.   Yet they can also cause other effects which are just as harmful, if not more so.   In Death of a Salesman, two of these other results are dehumanization and a loss of individual freedom.   This is a very complex web of emotions, but as Miller said, â€Å"Death of a Salesman is not, of course, in the realistic tradition, having broken out into quiteRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Willy Loman And Death Of A Salesman1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fences written by August Wilson and Death of a Salesman was written by Arthur Miller are two plays that can be considered different in terms of their plot. Both plays have two very different cultural backgrounds. The background affects each protagonist therefore differently. However, there are also similarities beyond the plot. Despite the different backgrounds of each protagonist or main character s, they are both trying to achieve their dreams. They both fail ironically in similar ways Read MoreAnalysis Of Fences By August Wilson And Death Of A Salesman870 Words   |  4 PagesFences by August Wilson and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller are two plays that are very similar to each other. They are different in terms of plot, but they are both stories about family conflicts and relationships between family members. In both plays, sport plays a big role in the life of the characters as both sons of the main characters wish to play sports in school. Also, the women in both plays have an unfortunate marriage as their husbands both had an affair and betrayed their marriage

Mexico Current Issues Drug War - 1197 Words

Stefan Tian Period 2 War in the Cities Recently, Mexico has been facing a horrendous civil war. This internal conflict is coming from the country’s powerful drug leaders. This epic drug war was been taking place ever since these â€Å"cartels† relocated from the South American nation of Columbia to Mexico in the mid 1980s. since then , this bloody conflict has arose several issues in Mexico. Mexico’s new president, Felipe Calderon, just recently launched an all out military campaign against these drug lords in 2007. This campaign included increased military personnel stationed in locations of intense combat. These increased troops eventually ammounted to more than 25,000 troops stationed throughout†¦show more content†¦The Attorney Geenral of Mexico did a scan of his federal police force and found that 1/5 of all federal officers are now put under investigation for criminal activity. Also, 1500 AFI’s are also put under criminal activity.(7) This creates a severe unresting feeli ng in the mexican population as to whether who they can trust. If the drug cartels had already infiltrated the system to the point that they had influences in the very law enforcement department, that is an extensive amount of corruption. The reasons for this corruption is that these cops and federal agents see the kind of money that these cartels generate in the course of a year and they flock to them. They have a considerable amount of revenue, and these cartels know that bribing these officers would help in their operation by ten-fold. The mexican government needs to be careful of their law enforcement department and purge their systems regularly in order to get rid of the corrupted officers. This Mexican drug war has become more than just a nation wide epidemic. Its influences have begun to spread farther, into the United States as well as other South American nations. Once we do settle this conflict with the cartels, a system wide purging is needed too of the government infrastructure. What would probably work better is a whole reorganization of the sytem in order to make sure that no corrupt officers hold any power. Mexico needs to keep this situation under control in order toShow MoreRelatedEssay Obstacles That Weaken Democracy 1652 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstood, but the true test is to follow through the people’s expectations and be capable to overcome obstacles a democracy might face. Mexico has recently celebrated its bicentennial representing their independence and the centennial of their revolution, although they are major accomplishment, they continue to struggle to consolidate a democracy. Along with Mexico there is El Salvador who has confronted many struggles to accomplish independence and improve socially, and continues to struggle forRead MoreU.s. Politics, Citizen Safety, And Economy1390 Words   |  6 Pageshas been involved in the war on drugs across the U.S. – Mexican border for almost a decade. While the United States has continued to be an active helper in assisting the Mexican government, the level of violence and gang-related deaths are still increasing at an alarming rate. So far, the majority of U.S. involvement has been in the way of money and physical enforcement; both Mexico and our border with them have become heavily militarized in the years since the â€Å"war on drugs† was launched. HoweverRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Living On The Border Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesIn its most basic definition, the U.S.-Mexico Border is a 2000-mile line that divides the United States and Mexico. However, those who spend their lives experiencing the concept of â€Å"the border,† acknowle dge that the U.S.-Mexico Border is more than just a line. It’s an epicenter of; historical, political, social, economic, and cultural affairs that influence people on both countries. In this essay, I will be discussing the endogeneity effect between the border and its people and how I influenceRead MoreThe War on Drugs and Its Impact on Latin America Essay examples1684 Words   |  7 PagesEver since the war on drugs was started, most of the battle has been concentrated in Latin America, leaving trails of devastation from deep within Latin America up to the largest consumer of those substances. After years of fighting, and series’ of more and more aggressive policies put into place by the United States, drugs are just as prevalent if not more so than when the war began. Illegal drugs are still easy to obtain, demand for such substances has skyrocketed and cartels are becoming increasinglyRead MoreDrug Trafficking And Its Effects On America1261 Words   |  6 Pages country of Mexico is currently having a long and hard battle against the raging and harmful issues that threatens to destroy humanity. Drug trafficking has become the king of these issues, with the other issues slowly branching off as subjects to serve their king. Currently, Mexican drug cartels dominate the wholesale illicit drug market, earning $13.4 to $49.4 billion annually. Since this investment is extremely large, it has become an exhausting challenge to try to destroy the drug traffickingRead MoreDrugs Inc1667 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Illegal drugs are no longer just a domestic problem. The drug trade business is a multibillion dollar enterprise that is run by international criminals. The drug lords behind these operations, non-nation-state actors, have become more powerful than the nation-states in their respective regions. The current â€Å"War on Drugs† strategy has offered little hope for any decisive victory; instead it has dealt primarily with domestic drug prevention, treatment, and market disruption. In this paperRead MoreMexico Case Study964 Words   |  4 PagesThe current strategy to crackdown and capture leaders has been proved as a failure to reduce the violence and establish the rule of law and it has been clear that the war on drugs has been expensive and destructive. It is important that the U.S. and Mà ©xico work together to continue strengthening their security cooperation. The U.S. and Mà ©xico must work on strengthening Mà ©xico’s judicial procedures, fight corruption, and reform the police forces. Because it is clear that this issue also affects theRead MoreConflict Analysis : Mexico And Central America1687 Words   |  7 Pages In this paper, I will focus on Policy Issues through Conflict Analysis in Latin America. First, I will talk about the differences and critiques in the Merida Initiative: Mexico and Central America. Then, I will focus on â€Å"Drug War†: Lenses, Frames, and â€Å"Seeing† Solutions. I will then talk about, â€Å"conflict analysis ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬, a lens for viewing conflict that brings into focus a multilevel, integrative diagnosis of the violence in Mexico and supports recent evolutions in Plan Merida toward a more holisticRead MoreMexico’s War on Drugs Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pagesconstantly keep an eye out for the smuggling of drugs by Mexican Cartels. There has been much violence due to this drug problem that has left many people near the border killed and is allowing more criminals to obtain these weapons. A lot of this attention goes to the U.S. because many of the weapons utilized in the â€Å"drug war† are U.S. made and is interfering with tradin g relations amongst both the U.S. and Mexico. With this current violent situation in Mexico this has transformed the flow of weapons toRead MoreEssay about Drug Traffic, A DEA Report1677 Words   |  7 Pagesof our current drug traffic situation we have been following between the border of Mexico and our homeland, the United States of America. This report has been generated by Agent Emily Richards, U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA). Currently I am heading a special subcommittee task force that has been following the current drug traffic issues we have with Mexico. Data collected by my committee has given evidence to difficult matters occurring that have kept the current drug cartels of Mexico in business

Jails vs. Prisons free essay sample

To start, this paper has been more than challenging for me. Never before has my eyes been more opened to such differences. And to warn you I may have more information than needed, but no surprise there. Here bellow is what I have come up with on the differences between jail systems and prisons systems. There is not a major difference between jail and prison for a common man, but in the eyes of a lawyer two of them are totally different. A common man considers that the two terms are interchangeable or synonyms. Both are the places, in which individuals are physically confined and deprived of a range of personal freedoms. But the fact is that a jail is used for short term stay whereas a prison is for a long term stays. Jail is used by local jurisdictions in countries and cities, whereas prison is administered by the state or federal government. People convicted for a short sentence or trials, detainees, suspicious people under trials are kept under jail. Jail has fewer amenities for its convicts as compared to a prison. It only provides the basic necessities of food, housing and safety to the prisoners. Jails operate camps, vocational trainings and other work release programs for the prisoners. Jails are within the country where the individual is arrested. Typically they are intended to hold persons for less than one year. Whereas the prison is for long term convicts who have been tried and convicted of crime. It is normally located away from the place of arrest. There are few prisons as compared to jails. Prison has a tight security and more amenities for the people. It provides the basic necessities as well as exercise areas, common areas for socializing and educational areas too. The area coverage is also more than the jail. Prison has a specially trained staff and a board of governor to oversee the prison management. A prison is divided on the basis of the type of crime, a person commits and he is placed accordingly, unlike in jail. Prison has work release centers, community restitution centers and other entertainment facilities for the prisoners. This prison system is a type of correction system arranged by the province or a state for the convicts. Although the terms â€Å"jail† and â€Å"prison† are sometimes used interchangeably, most members of law enforcement distinguish between the two. Primarily, the difference is that a jail is used by local jurisdictions such as counties and cities to confine people for short periods of time. A prison, or penitentiary, is administered by the state, and is used to house convicted criminals for periods of much longer duration. Both are part of a larger penal system which includes other aspects of criminal justice such as courts, law enforcement, and crime labs. Because a jail is designed for short time periods only, it tends to have less amenities than a prison. Individuals who are being housed in a jail have access to bathrooms and are provided with food and water, and in a low security jail, they may be able to socialize in common areas during certain periods of the day. Most jails are designed to hold a very small number of criminals, and have relatively lax security when compared to prisons, although in areas prone to violence, a jail may be run along very strict lines. A jail houses people who have been convicted to serve a short sentence, individuals awaiting trial, people who have not yet paid bail, and detainees who have just been picked up on suspicion of committing a crime. The criminals are processed through a booking procedure, and the criminal justice system decides what to do with them after that. Now I also research the differences between the definitions of correctional facilities, and other common names such as Penitentiaries etc. Jail vs. Detention Center Generally, it can be said that jails are smaller facilities that usually belongs to the local (county level) authorities even though there are still jails that are covered by state and federal control. Detention centers, in general, are larger facilities that are often regional to national in scope or coverage. Many say that the term ‘detention center’ is a really broad name that pertains to a facility or place where persons are confined. According to the BOP (Bureau of Prison, U. S. ), a detention center is a place where you confine individuals who are not yet declared convicts but are charged for something. These individuals have not qualified for bail. Nevertheless, if a person will be deemed a threat to others and even a ‘flight risk’ or somebody who might fly away just to escape the charges filed against him or her, then most likely he or she will be held captive inside the detention center prior conviction. Jails can also be described similarly. In the U. S. , detention centers can be a jail, a prison, a concentration camp, an internment camp and many other places where one or a group of people a re detained. These centers are classified as maximum, medium and minimum detention centers. Obviously the maximum security is the place where very violent criminals are housed like those who are sentenced for life imprisonment. Medium security detention centers are for those who’ll serve for middle range sentences. Compared to maximum, the prisoners in here have less criminal background. The minimum detention center, also known as a form of work camp, is meant for those who have offended a policy or law for the very first time. This is the place for those having the shortest sentences. Inmates are much more liberal in the sense that they can work around the expanse of the vicinity with little or no forceful intervention by the center’s security staff. There are many types of detention centers. Some are very large to the point that they are already actual institutions. They can pertain to many subspecialty correctional facilities like the juvenile detention centers for non-adult offenders, the ICE (immigration and Customs Enforcement) detention center for those who reside or come to the U. S. llegally and the (controversial) military detention center for housing prisoners of war, captured spies and the like. Jail vs. Penitentiary There are many crime and police terms that seem to have the same meaning. At first glance, most will immediately wonder what the differences are between the jail, prison, penitentiary and correction facilities; that is if there are any. Many people hear these words often and blindly accept all four as one and the same. Nevertheless, there are really differences between them and discerning a jail from a penitentiary comes first. Jail is probably the mildest detaining room of them all. It is the place where the convict is placed while waiting for his trial. It is also the detention unit for serving sentences that are only for less than one year. Often, those who incur the simplest misdemeanor and violation cases get themselves arrested and eventually land in here. The term penitentiary is where the tricky part comes in. In the old times and even up to this date, the federal prisons were widely accepted or recognized as penitentiaries. Everyone is probably just too concerned about using the most politically correct term that they ended up making the definition of penitentiary closer or the same as that of prison and correction facilities. That’s why nowadays; the term penitentiary is already likened to the said other two terms. A penitentiary is where felons land when they finally serve their seemingly longer sentences or when they are already found guilty. These facilities are primarily maintained by the federal government. It is assumed that every state has one. This is contrary to jails, which are usually maintained by smaller jurisdictions. A county or a city can have several jails for that matter. Being maintained by smaller units of the government, jails are obviously smaller in size that can house only a very limited number of detainees. There are also a very limited number of amenities in a jail, if any. 1. Jail is where the offender will be temporarily detained prior to receiving the final verdict of his case. It is also where offenders of minor crimes are placed. Most detainees are those who will serve detention for less than a year. 2. Penitentiary is a detention unit for more serious type of offenders. It is also a place where reformatory discipline and or punishment is done. 3. Jail is synonymous to shorter detention whereas penitentiary suggests longer detention. 4. Jail is maintained by smaller jurisdiction units like counties and cities while penitentiaries are maintained by the state or the federal government. 5. Jails have fewer amenities and are also smaller in size compared to penitentiaries.

Love Marriage free essay sample

Love, Marriage, A ; Responsiblity Essay, Research Paper Love, Marriage, and Responsibility Love, Marriage, and Responsibility, are three words that have really strong significances, irrespective of if they are used jointly, or individually. In this paper I will discourse these subjects both separately, and in relation to each other, every bit good as expression at these issues from both a male and female position. All the positions that I will show in this paper are my ain ideas and feelings, and are based on personal experiences and research that I have done. In add-on, any mentions that I make about faith and the church are based on my beliefs as a Christian. First, I will discourse love. What is love? Webster # 8217 ; s Dictionary defines love as # 8216 ; strong fondness # 8217 ; . I consider this to be a really accurate definition of love. But I feel that there are two signifiers of love. First we have love for household, such as our parents, grandparents, and siblings. We will write a custom essay sample on Love Marriage or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I consider this to be natural love. Love that can non be explained, because it is merely supposed to be. For illustration my household has been at that place for me since birth, and I love them for that. It is natural for me to hold strong fondness for the people that I have grown with, from birth to the phase that I am at now. The other signifier of love that I feel that exists is developed love. This is the type of love that normally occurs between friends and people who are in an confidant relationship. While this type of love does develop over a given clip, it is non love that has to go on. While a individual will merely hold one female parent, and he or she will love their female parent no affair what, this same feeling may non happen between friends. One does non hold to love a individual because he or she says they are friends. One does non hold to love a individual because he or she says that they are boyfriend and girlfriend either. This love has to develop between two people over a given clip. One can non come close how long it will take to experience love for a individual ( particularly since everyone has their ain definition of love ) . Normally when a individual feels that there are adequate qualities in a individual that are admirable and sympathetic, and that this individual will be at that p lace from him or her no affair what the state of affairs may be, so they have developed love for that individual. While I feel that developed love and natural love are two different things, I feel that one can developed love for a individual, which is merely every bit strong as natural love they have another individual. Following I will discourse matrimony. Marriage is the brotherhood of two people into one being. In the eyes of the jurisprudence, married twosomes can be held responsible for the actions of his or her partner. Married twosomes can besides be held accountable for any injury done to his or her partner. In the eyes of the church, matrimony is the meeting of two psyches into one. This has similar significance to the eyes of the jurisprudence, where married twosomes are responsible for the well being of each other. Through the eyes of the church, married twosomes are supposed to portion love, life, and duty for each other no affair what, till decease do they portion. In the eyes of both of these entities, twosomes should be in love, before they decide to do the determination of acquiring married. With that said, I want to raise the issue of why more and more twosomes are acquiring married, without loving each other first. In today # 8217 ; s society, it seems that love is going a secondary ground for matrimony. It seems as if there are a batch of grounds that people are acquiring married today, which are morally incorrect. Today we have immature people who are acquiring married because they irresponsibly created a kid, and they feel that the lone manner they will both be at that place to care for the kid is they get married, which forces both the male and the female to be at that place for the kid. Normally these matrimonies will non work, because the twosome will finally recognize that they forced themselves to be together, when there was no love to of course be together. This scenario may besides ache the kid that they have because if the parents do non love each other, than normally the kid will be neglected, and alternatively of being received as a gift of God, this kid will considered more of a duty and a load. There are other grounds that people are acquiring married without being in love. One of these grounds is money. Peoples are get marrieding today because one individual in the twosome can see that the other individual will be financially procure throughout their life. Normally in these state of affairss, the individual who is looking for the security pretends to love the individual with money, while the individual with the money is in love. Then we have twosomes that get married for public visual aspect. These are normally people who are in the public limelight, and would wish to better their visual aspect by acquiring married and raising a household. Peoples that normally get married for this ground are politicians, athleticss figures, film stars, etc. Then we have matrimonies that are arranged. There are normally two grounds that matrimonies are arranged. One ground is that parents merely want their kids to get married people who are in their same societal category. This normally occurs in upper category households, and in most of these instances, these matrimonies will non be successful make to the fact that these matrimony were non out of love, but out of the demand to maintain societal categories together. Then we have matrimonies that are arranged so one individual in the twosome may go on to populate in a certain state. Immigration has increased drastically in the United States, and one manner for immigrants to d erive U.S. citizenship, is to get married a U.S. citizen. Normally the immigrant will pay a citizen a certain sum of money for the matrimony, and after the immigrant additions citizenship, the matrimony will be annulled. In this instance, merely like the others that I have stated therefore far, these matrimonies will neglect because the ground people are acquiring married are morally incorrect. I feel that all of these grounds for matrimony are incorrect. The primary ground people should acquire married is because they are in love. However, I feel that there are other factors that should be taken into history before a twosome decides to acquire married. The twosome should be prepared for the duties that marriage brings along. Is the twosome ready to pass the remainder of their lives with each other? There are people who are in love with merely one individual, but they still have a inclination to non be loyal, and have dealingss with other people. If one is non ready to give up this life style, than they are non ready for matrimony. Another factor is, does the twosome know each other good plenty? It may sound silly inquiring this inquiry if the twosome is supposed to be in love, but there are instances where twosomes are in love with merely what they know about each other, and there may be things that they might non wish about each other, but they have non realized it yet. C ouples should cognize everything about each other before they get married. That includes all of the positive and negative facets of one another, every bit good as all positive and negative events that occurred in each other # 8217 ; s lives. For this ground, I feel that people should populate together before acquiring married. This manner they get to cognize all about their fianc? vitamin E, and there will be no surprises when the twosome eventually does acquire married. When the twosome eventually does acquire married, nevertheless, I feel that the twosome should ever be able to pass on with each other. Communication is the key to a successful matrimony, and if the lines of communicating are closed, the matrimony will neglect. When a twosome can pass on good with each other, than they can discourse all of their jobs, concerns, pleasances, and future programs, without any reserves, and they marriage will be successful. Now I would wish to discourse the duties of married twosomes. When a twosome accepts their nuptials vows, they agree to certain duties that are stated in their vows. They besides accept even more duties which may non hold been set forth in their vows. These duties may alter as clip and demand go on, but however they still exist. Couples are supposed to love, regard and care for their matrimony, throughout their matrimony, every bit good as protect each other, better upon each other # 8217 ; s mistakes, and assist each other to raise a good household. A adult male # 8217 ; s duties many old ages ago was to protect, this married woman and kids, every bit good as travel out and happen ways to supply nutrient and shelter for his household, while his married woman # 8217 ; s duties were to remain place, and keep a nice family, and raise kids. Now that we have entered the phase of the # 8220 ; 90 # 8217 ; s Woman # 8221 ; , the duties of work forces and adult females in relationships have changed. Yes work forces are still expected to supply for and protect their households, but it is now the norm for work forces and adult females to portion duties. It is now the norm to hold both work forces and adult females out in the work universe, supplying for each other, every bit good as holding both work forces and adult females caring for the house, and raising kids. Everything in matrimonies has now become a fifty/fifty partnership. In an age where one income may non be plenty to supply for a household, work forces and adult females nor mally have occupations, and happen ways to take attention of their kids and places every bit good. It is common to see a female parent taking her kids to school in the forenoon on her manner to work, and the male parent picking the kids up from school on his manner place from work. It is besides common to see work forces and adult females sharing duties such as paying measures. The adult male may pay the mortgage, electricity, and telephone measures, while the adult female will pay the insurance, H2O, and overseas telegram measures. Gone are the yearss where there are male duties, and female duties, in a matrimony. Yes, merely a adult male can learn his boy how to be a adult male, merely as merely a adult female can learn her girl how to be a adult female. But it is non uncommon for a adult female to be her boy # 8217 ; s baseball manager, nor is it uncommon for a adult male to be the biggest fan of his girl # 8217 ; s dance ensemble. No longer do adult females hold to sit place and cook and clean while the work forces travel out and raise money. Now the lone duties for work forces and adult females in a matrimony are to do certain they love each other, they care for each other, and to do certain that both parties are seting away 100 % attempt to do certain that their household, and their relationship is a success. One might inquire how I can compensate a paper on Love, Marriage, and Responsibility, and I am a individual, college fresher. Well the reply is simple. I have learned from parents. I see how they relate to each other, and how they relate to me. I see the function that my male parent plays every bit good as the function that my female parent dramas. I watch as my female parent writes a cheque to pay the mortgage, and my male parent writes a cheque to pay the insurance measure. I watch my female parent in the bases at my hoops games, and I see the Sunday dinner that my male parent prepares after we arrive place from church. I see how they have loved, and provided for my two brothers and myself throughout our lives. Most significantly, I see the love that has grown between my parents over their 18 old ages of matrimony, this same love that will go on between my parents till decease do they portion. So if one still wants to inquire the inquiry of how I can compose a paper on this subject , the reply is instead simple ; it # 8217 ; s due to see. Mace, David R. Getting Ready for Marriage. New York: Abingdon Press, 1972. Miller, Sherod. Marriage and Families: Enrichment through Communication. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1975. O # 8217 ; Donnell, William J. , David A. Jones. The Law of Marriage and Marital Alternatives. Lexington, Massachusetts: D.C. Heath and Company, 1982. Samuel, Dorothy T. Love, Liberation, and Marriage. New York: Funk A ; Wagnalls, 1976

Enron essays

Enron essays Years before headline-grabbing accounting schemes, document shredding, executive bonus scandals and employee losses, Enron began as a small oil and gas pipeline company in Texas. Begun in 1985, it profited by promising to deliver gas and oil to a particular utility or business at a fixed future date and at a fixed price. As the energy markets, and in particular the electrical power markets, were deregulated, Enrons business expanded into brokering and trading electricity and other energy commodities. The deregulation of these markets was a key Enron strategy as it invested time and money in lobbying Congress and state legislatures for access to what traditionally had been publicly provided utility markets. Some of Enrons top executives became frequently named corporate political patrons of the Republican Party and the campaigns of George W. Bush and other elected officials. As Enrons business grew, it became a broker, a middleman, which made money from the difference between ener gy commodity sales and purchase prices. The actual prices Enron paid for and sold its commodities at were kept secret. As Enron began to face competition from other energy commodity traders, the business arrangements became more and more complex. The company was creating markets for products that never previously existed, and maybe shouldnt have existed. Customers could insure themselves against changing business conditions, including changes in interest rates, commodity prices or even a change in the weather. According to The Washington Post, over time the volume of business from these nontraditional contracts dwarfed Enrons mainline market in commodity trading. The stock price soared and Fortune magazine heralded Enron as one of the most innovative companies in America. Executive compensation for Enron CEO Ken Lay in 2000 topped $53 million, with exercised stock options of more than $123 million and unex...

This is the Best Lead Nurturing Strategy to Move People Down Your Funnel

This is the Best Lead Nurturing Strategy to Move People Down Your Funnel For several quarters, your organization has been excelling at almost every metric  and you’ve been generating tons of leads. The only problem is that you haven’t been seeing the kind of revenue that even comes close to the number of leads you’ve generated. While there could be a number of reasons behind this, it typically stems from improper lead nurturing or the lack of it. It’s not enough to just generate leads because those leads do not automatically translate to revenue. For that, you need them to convert. And to convert them, you need to nurture them so that they follow the conversion path in your sales funnel  and  eventually result in a sale. That’s where a lot of organizations get stuck and what this post addresses. Lead Nurturing Templates to Get Your Sales Funnel Right Before learning how to troubleshoot your lead nurturing activities, check out these templates. This download includes: A content audit guide to help identify your content deficits. A content mapping template to map your content to each funnel stage. A 2019 content calendar to get your year planned out. A user persona worksheet to help you target the right people.What is Lead Nurturing and Why is it Necessary? Lead nurturing refers to the process of building and nurturing your relationships with potential customers throughout the buyer’s journey. The goal is to guide them through different stages of your sales funnel and eventually get them to convert. Which means you need to provide them with relevant assistance, information, content, and offers depending on where they are in the funnel. This is important because 80% of new leads  will never result in a sale. But nurtured leads are 50% more sales-ready. In other words, nurturing your leads will improve your chances of converting them. And an increase in conversions can increase your revenue. It’s easy to nurture your leads, in theory. But in practice, a lot of organizations struggle with their lead nurturing efforts. In fact, 86% of B2B marketers in a DemandGen survey  rated their lead nurturing initiatives as only average or below. This isn’t too shocking considering how 80% of respondents have found it challenging to generate responses with their lead nurturing programs. Image Source: DemandGen It’s important to note that these aren’t just startup business owners or marketers who are struggling. Clearly, lead nurturing isn’t something that you can easily master, even if you’ve run a business for years. There’s always room to keep learning because the B2B landscape keeps evolving with new technology. There are also frequent changes in buyer behaviors and preferences. So you need to brush up your knowledge every now and then to learn some of the best ways to nurture leads and increase conversions. Beginners, on the other hand, will have to learn from scratch.   Recommended Reading: The 4 Simple Stages of an Engaging Email Funnel Strategy Steps to Nurture Your Leads for Sales There are tons of ways to nurture leads, but you can’t attempt all of them in one go or you’ll get overwhelmed and end up failing. You need to start slowly – from the basics and the most effective tactics. So check out the following essential steps and advanced tactics to nurture your leads for sales: #1: Align Your Sales and Marketing Teams A misalignment between your sales and marketing teams could be the main reason you’re falling behind in your lead nurturing efforts. When there’s collaboration between the people who generate leads and the people who convert those leads, your organization can effectively guide potential buyers through the funnel. This will eventually result in better sales and customer loyalty. Recommended Reading: The Best Sales Enablement Strategy for Marketers (+ 4 Free Templates) In fact, 58% of respondents to a LinkedIn survey  felt that sales and marketing alignment improves customer retention. 54% of the respondents also felt that sales and marketing alignment boosts the financial performance of their organization. Yet 38% of respondents in a Conversica study  did not follow up on their inbound leads. Even among the companies who did follow up, 63% gave up after only 1-2 attempts. This shows that even when marketing has done their part to generate leads, there could be a  lack of or insufficient follow-up attempts from the sales team. Image Source: Conversica Here are some tips that will help you align your sales and marketing teams: Develop a unified set of goals that you can measure.  A misalignment in team goals could result in overall misalignment between the two teams. Define specific goals that both teams should work towards such as attainment of a revenue goal, a percentage increase in revenue, a certain number of conversions, etc. Come up with a formal process of qualifying leads  and determining when to pass them on to the sales team. A proper lead scoring system will help you with this process. You will learn more about this in the next step to nurture your leads for sales. Coordinate content marketing campaigns  with your sales team. Consider their suggestions in your content brainstorming sessions. And make sure you communicate with them about any deals and offers you have in place. This communication should include talking points about the offer, leads generated from the offer, and other essential information. The marketing team needs to consult with the sales team about what kind of buyer information will be most helpful to them. Knowing the exact kind of buyer data to collect will help your marketing team smoothly transition more qualified leads through the funnel. #2: Learn to Score Your Leads As mentioned briefly in the previous point, you need to learn how to score your leads so you know when to transition them to different teams. Lead scoring is a process of ranking your leads based on how likely they are to convert. But more importantly, it helps your sales and marketing teams to align their definition of a hot lead and helps them coordinate more effortlessly. Since lead scoring assigns a numerical value to the quality of each lead, it becomes easier for each team to identify when and how to approach each buyer. This makes lead scoring an essential element in the lead nurturing processes of most organizations. In fact, an Eloqua study  of 10 B2B organizations found that lead scoring systems increased deal close rates by 30%. The companies also saw a revenue increase of 18% and a revenue-per-deal increase of 17%.

Critically discuss crowdfunding as a source of funding for technology Essay

Critically discuss crowdfunding as a source of funding for technology ventures - Essay Example The European commission is presently dedicated towards releasing the potential of crowdfunding in the European Union, with the aim of enhancing the longer-term funding of enterprises and encouraging innovation (EOS Gallup Europe, 2005). Technology ventures have been on the rise lately, particularly due to high public technology interest; these ventures rely on scientific and technological advancement, selection as well as development of new products, assets or their attributes (Berger & Udell, 1998:1). Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make up a vast proportion of all the new jobs creations, with start-up companies introducing new ideas or processes of production that revolutionize ways of doing things. In the European Union, SMEs are considered to be non-subsidiary, autonomous businesses that employ fewer than 250 employees while in the US, SMEs entails firms with less than 500 workers. SMEs have gained increased attention in the previous years, as a result of their massive growth that has been attributed to the increased access to financing (Berggren, Olofsson, Silver, 2000). According to Grant Thornton, a guest speaker from Les Ross, SMEs get most of their funding from banks; given that SMEs account for the greatest number of businesses and jobs in the European Union (Kira, 2013), the commission projects that crowdfunding has the capacity to promote economic growth and job creation. This paper critically discusses crowdfunding as a potentially alternative source of funding for technology ventures, with particular attention given to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The global crowdfunding industry has experienced massive growth over the years, especially with the rapid growth of internet resources (Deakins & Freel 2012, p.9). By 2013, this industry had been estimated to be worth over $5.1 billion. The concept

Three periods of the history of the Church Research Paper

Three periods of the history of the Church - Research Paper Example To begin with, let us look at the traditions and the way of life of the early church. The early church period that we are looking at is the period from 70 A.D, when the church was begun, up to 325 A.D when the first council of Nicaea was held. During this period of time, the tradition of the Catholic Church can be explained as follows (History of the Early Church, web.). In terms of their doctrine and their faith, the Christians of the early church believed that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, sent by God to the world for the redemption of humanity. The Christians of the early Church, also, believed in the afterlife, and for this reason their main priority in life was living in accordance with the teachings of their master, Jesus Christ, so as to enter the kingdom of God. The Christians of the early church, also, broke the bread, in remembrance of their master, as their master Jesus Christ had taught them. Breaking the break, therefore, was an integral part of the lives of the early Christians. Christians of the early church, also, set dates for the celebration of various Christian feasts and they also celebrated various Christian feasts like the Easter. During the early church period, the Catholic Church taught that the reading and the interpretation of the Scripture was a sole prerogative of the clergy. For that reason, the laity were discouraged from reading the Scriptures.

Animals In Captivity Essay Example for Free

Animals In Captivity Essay In 2008 at the Singapore Zoo, three white Bengal tigers attacked and mauled a zoo cleaner, Nordin bin Mondongto, to death after the man walked through a moat surrounding their enclosure. Researchers asked themselves what would be the cause of these vicious behaviors being reported from many zoos across the globe, the answer being the harsh environment zoo animals are surrounded by. Many people are not aware of the harsh treatment the animals endure. Zoos, circuses, and famous attractions like SeaWorld do not offer the best of circumstances for their animals. These uncomfortable conditions may be the cause of the hundreds of violent behaviors being reported by zoos around the world. Of course, most families enjoy taking a trip to the zoo because they offer a unique experience of encountering exotic animals. However, people need to realize that animals are living creatures that should not be forced into show, or held behind glass walls to be gawked at. The first point that this essay will address is the simple fact that zoo owners have propaganda in mind, and not preservation. â€Å"Zoos help save endangered species, by saving hurt animals and rehabilitating them,† is an excuse many zoo officials use. Zoos claim to want to protect species from extinction, which sounds like a noble goal, but zoo officials usually favor exotic or popular animals, rather than threatened or endangered local wildlife. The Chinese government, for example, â€Å"rents† pandas to zoos worldwide for fees of more than $1 million per year. It is questi onable whether the profits are being directed toward panda-conservation efforts at all. Also, because tigers are the most favorable â€Å"crowd pleasers,† recent studies prove that there are more tigers in captivity than those that exist in the wild. There are thought to be between 5,000 and 10,000 tigers in U.S. cages and 90% of them are in miserable roadside zoos, backyard breeder facilities, circus wagons and pet homes. Before long, the few tigers left in the wild will wither off, and the animals in captivity will not be able to be relocated and thrive in their what-once-was natural environment. Next, the reader should know that the animals that are said to be â€Å"in their natural habitat,† are in confined areas that are less than a tenth of the area they would naturally be in, and are restricted by many factors. Birds’ wings may be clipped so that they cannot fly, aquatic animals often go without adequate water, and many animals who naturally live in large herds or family groups are kept isolated. Animals are closely confined, lack privacy, an d have  little opportunity for mental stimulation or physical exercise. These abnormal conditions often result in abnormal and self-destructive behavior, known as â€Å"zoochosis.† An Oxford University study based on decades of observing animals in captivity and in the wild found that animals such as polar bears, lions, tigers, and cheetahs â€Å"show the most evidence of stress and/or psychological dysfunction in captivity† and concluded that â€Å"the keeping of naturally wide-ranging carnivores should be either fundamentally improved or phased out.† Last but not least, the reader should know that keeping animals in captivity is not the only danger posed at the zoo. Even when the animals are bred in captivity, generations later, exotic animals will retain all of their natural instincts. They cannot be considered â€Å"domesticated† or â€Å"tamed.† Every year, captive, exotic animals are involved in incidents in which humans are injured or even killed. In 2007, Tatiana, a Siberian tiger, escaped her substandard enclosure at the San Francisco Zoo and was shot to death after she killed one person and injured two others. This was not the only fatal incident occurring because of the animals being held in captivity. On February 26, 2010, a 12,000 lb. Orca whale called Tilikum mauled and killed his trainer Dawn Brancheau at SeaWorld during a performance. Also, in Colorado, on April 24, 2009, a volunteer was vigorously mauled by a tiger at â€Å"Big Cats of Serenity Springs.† The list of these aggressive outbreaks goes on and on. Researchers say that the awful conditions animals are unnatural and are the cause of animals expressing abnormal behaviors. Zoos may be fun for the family, but are definitely not fun for the animals. Taking animals out of their natural habitat, forcing them to live miserable lifestyles, and putting humans at risk is not worth a fun family trip to the zoo. Treating living creatures like they have no feelings is never okay and should be considered inhumane. Zoos need to be exposed as the pitiful prisons they are, and actions should be imposed to stop the animal abuse. Works Cited Captive Wildlife Crisis | WildAnimalSanctuary.org : Americas Premier Sanctuary For Large Carnivores. Captive Wildlife Crisis | WildAnimalSanctuary.org : Americas Premier Sanctuary For Large Carnivores. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. . Get The Facts:. Ten Fast Facts about Captive Exotic Animals. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. . News Facts. The Tiger Next Door. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2007. . Zoos: Pitiful Prisons. PETA. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Apr. 2014. .

Thessalonians Essay -- Bible, Paul of Tarsus

1 Thessalonians is a pastoral letter written by Paul of Tarsus to the recently formed Christian community of Thessalonica. The letter, written in response to concerns of the newly converted Gentiles, offers encouragement and support, and addresses specific issues and problems they were confronted with. Paul begins his letter by giving thanks for the Thessalonians’ faith, love, and hope in the Lord Jesus Christ. They have â€Å"turned to God from idols, to serve a living and true God, and to wait for his Son from heaven...† (1 Thessalonians: 9-10). Paul assures the people that he brings the message of the gospel of God to them. This is to set himself apart from others who may have come preaching to them from â€Å"deceit or impure motives or trickery† (1 Thess. 2:3). Paul identifies himself as countercultural and works throughout 1Thessalonians to show the new Christians that they too are called to live a countercultural life as well, â€Å"worthy of God who calls you into his own kingdom and glory.† (1 Thess. 2:12) because they have accepted the word of God, which is working within them to shape their new identity as Christians. Paul’s belief in the living and true God with the message of the gospel of God exhibits his monotheistic belief and re jection of idols. Paul knows that these Thessalonians are first-generation converts living among many idol-worshipping Gentiles. Because they are Christians, they can no longer attend pagan festivals, worship other gods, or possibly even continue to buy their meats from the local butcher, because the meat may have been an offering of sacrifice to idols. Paul recognizes they have become social outcasts, no longer Gentiles; they are called to live differently now. Paul had forewarned t... ...or non-violence; do not repay evil with evil, do good to all. He exhorts the people to rejoice, pray, and give thanks, as this is the will of God. â€Å"Do not quench the Spirit. Do not despise the word of prophets, but test everything, hold fast to what is good; abstain from every form of evil.† (1 Thess. 5: 19-22) Paul again is instructional and tells them to let the Spirit flow in and among them, don’t stop it. Let the Spirit flow in their community in their actions and let people speak because they might have a message from Jesus. Paul is telling them to keep close to what is good and protect themselves from evil, relating again to the spiritual warfare, moral vigilance and living a countercultural life. He ends with a command by God that his letter be shared among the community and calls upon the grace of God to remain with the Thessalonians’ community.

How to Become a Good Communicator

How to become a good communicator? I want to start my topic with the quotation of Antoine de Saint-Exupery: â€Å"There’s only one true luxury, and that is the luxury of human relations†. I think lots of people would agree with this statement because human relations are one of the most important things in our lives. Relations are communication – communication in a family, communication with friends, communication at work and so on. I want to emphasize on communication at work because communication in an organization is one of the hardest nuts to crack in business today. Communication has an enormous influence on business, it comes up in every company, every department. The repercussions of not communicating are vast. And it’s clear that face-to-face communication is far more important than any others. It can’t be beaten. That’s why it’s necessary to be a good communicator. Good communicators have always been a valuable asset for any business. When speaking, they are good at giving information. They don’t confuse their listener; they make their points clearly and try to avoid technical terms, abbreviations or jargon. Furthermore, although they may digress and leave the main point, they will not ramble and lose sight of their main message. Good communicators also really listen to people and take in what is said. So, to sum up, I’d like to mention that really effective communicators, who have the ability to engage with colleagues, employees, customers and suppliers, are highly appreciated in business nowadays. In conclusion I’d like to say that good communication is trust to each other and the quotation of Fransua de Laroshfuko proves it: â€Å"Trust helps the conversation much more than intellect†.

Integrative approaches to psychology and Christianity Essay

This book tells about the integrating Christianity and psychology. The author discusses integration a combining the two books of God. According to Entwistle (2004), â€Å"the book of god’s Word referred to the Bible, and the book of God’s works reflects His deeds written throughout His creation. (p. 166). † He includes five models of integration in the book which are: enemies, spies, colonialists, neutral parties, and allies as subjects of One Sovereign. The enemies model sees Christianity and psychology as enemies that need to be kept totally separate. The spies model has one discipline going into the other to take only what works for them. Psychology would enter the Christian world just to take the religious concepts that will work well with psychology. The colonialist model has one discipline colonizing or taking control and prominence over the other. Religion works with psychology as long as religion is superior to psychology. The neutral parties model has both disciplines coexisting and recognizing each other as long as they respect each others’ boundaries. Psychology recognizes that religion has good concepts to offer but it will not encroach on the religion’s domain. The allies as subjects of One Sovereign model have both disciplines working together to help people. It uses psychological and theological concepts together to gain a better understanding of the truth. According to Entwistle (2004), â€Å"God gave birth to the subject of psychology (human behavior) when he created human beings. God granted us the foundations of theology when He gave us His Word (p. 175). † The book tells us that there are two books of God: His word and His works (Entwistle, 2004). Psychology deals with God’s works and theology deals with His word. Our job as Christian counselors is to interpret both books and integrate them together so that we can use both books to help our clients. If we find something that does not make sense between both books, there is a conflict that needs to be resolved before we can use it. At this point, we need to go back and reread and study both books to see if we can find the discrepancy. Entwistle (2004) says that god gave us both books, but we have to interpret them ourselves. The problem is not with God’s books, but it is the way we interpret them. Human understanding of God’s books is based on our worldview (Entwistle, 2004). To properly integrate the two disciplines, we need to have a good understanding of both. We cannot just know theology or psychology and expect to integrate them well. We need to have a working knowledge of psychological theories and concepts as well as a working knowledge of God’s word. We need to remember, though, that our knowledge is only as good as our interpretation. God’s works have been affected by the fall into sin, and as a work of God our interpretations will be colored by the fall as well. I think this book has a lot of good ideas and concepts to it. I found it interesting to discuss the two books of God, because I had heard the term and knew what it meant, but had not really thought about what it included. I also liked the models of integration and their explanations. They were explained well enough that anyone could follow them easily. Some of the things that bothered me the most about the book and its ideas are: the idea of interpretation, the definition of integration, and where do we go from here. If we are the interpreters of God’s two books and we know that the fall and sin have colored our interpretations, how do we know if our interpretations of the books are correct? Can we interpret either book accurately? If our interpretations are wrong, can we do more harm than good to our clients? Is the definition of integration complete enough to help us know what we need to help others? When we use the current definitions of integration, do we get a complete picture of what integration means to both disciplines? With all of the models of integration, where do we go next? How do we make progress in the integration process? Can we ever integrate to a point where we can agree on most aspects of a model, or will there always be disagreement between the disciplines? These are all questions that I think are important to consider about integration. I think that integrating Christianity and psychology can benefit a Christian client by allowing us to address spiritual matters and use spiritual techniques for healing. It is important to remember that religion and psychology are both parts of God’s truth to us and can be used to help ourselves and others. When the two disciplines are integrated, we have many more options than when we use one or the other discipline separately. Finally use of both disciplines can help us reach people of faith as well as people who are not Christians, if we can use them both carefully and competently.

Juvenile Justice Reform Essays - Legal Procedure, Criminal Procedure

Juvenile Justice Reform Essays - Legal Procedure, Criminal Procedure Juvenile Justice Reform Law Juvenile Justice Reform Massachusetts Juvenile Justice Reform: A Step in the Wrong Direction Juvenile Justice THESIS STATEMENT: The Great and General Court of Massachusetts has erred in reforming the juvenile justice system by implementing policies and procedures that will harm juveniles and place society at risk. On July 23, 1995, an intruder brutally attacked and stabbed Janet Downing approximately 100 times in her Somerville home. The revolting Downing murder and ensuing arrest of Edward O'Brien Jr., a 15-year-old juvenile whom prosecutors say committed the heinous crime, sent shockwaves through the state. When Somerville District Court Judge Paul P. Hefferman ruled that the Commonwealth try Mr. O'Brien as a juvenile, those shockwaves grew in intensity, and the citizens of Massachusetts, fed up with increasing youth violence and perceptions of an ineffective juvenile justice system, demanded the enactment of tough new laws to deal with repeat and violent juvenile offenders. The Great and General Court of Massachusetts headed these demands for reform of the juvenile justice system and enacted legislation that, among other things, abolishes the trial de novo system in the juvenile courts, requires the trial of juveniles charged with murder, manslaughter, aggravated rape, forcible rape of a child, kidnaping, assault with intent to rob or murder and armed burglary in adult court and permits prosecutors to open to the public juvenile proceedings when they seek an adult sentence. Although proponents tout these measures as a sagacious solution for the vexatious problem of juvenile delinquency, abolishing the trial de novo system, providing for automatic adult trials and opening juvenile proceedings to the public when prosecutors seek an adult sentence works to the detriment, not the benefit, of juveniles and society. Therefore, the policy makers of Massachusetts should repeal most sections of the Juvenile Justice Reform Act and develop other policies to deal with the rising problem of juvenile crime. I. A SINGLE TRIAL SYSTEM PREVENTS COURTS FROM PROVIDING RAPID ASSISTANCE TO JUVENILES IN NEED, DOES LITTLE TO SERVE JUDICIAL ECONOMY AND PLACES A SIMILAR BURDEN AS THE DE NOVO SYSTEM ON VICTIMS AND WITNESSES. Proponents of a single trial system for juveniles argue that the trial de novo system wastes judicial resources by giving defendants a second bite at the apple and traumatizes victims and witnesses by forcing them to testify at two proceedings. However, these proponents fail to acknowledge that the de novo system allows judges to quickly provide juveniles with the rehabilitative help they need. The proponents, unsurprisingly, also fail to acknowledge that a single trial system may place a greater burden on judicial resources and a similar burden on victims and witnesses. The de novo system benefits juveniles by encouraging bench trials, which frequently result in the swift administration of rehabilitative help. For many juveniles, delinquency is a reaction to a variety of situational stressors. Statistics indicate that the vast majority of juvenile delinquents are exposed to abuse and neglect, harsh or erratic parenting, and socioeconomic deprivation. Experts believe that if the juvenile justice system is to rehabilitate juveniles and make them productive members of our society, it must address these problems as swiftly as possible. A de novo system encourages juveniles, many of whom want judicial help, to request a bench trial. Likewise, under a de novo system, defense attorneys are encouraged to recommend an initial bench trial because the court's decision does not bind clients if it is not in their interest. On the other hand, a single trial system discourages juveniles and defense attorneys from requesting a bench trial. Because jury trials are more lengthy than bench trials and may drag out for over a year, the current policy of encouraging juveniles to seek an initial jury trial denies them the rehabilitative help they need for a significant period of time. Therefore, the de novo system is the preferred choice when dealing with juveniles because it encourages bench trials and, concomitantly, the swift administration of rehabilitative help. As noted earlier, one of the primary arguments for doing away with the de novo system is that it wastes judicial resources. However, upon closer examination one realizes that the de novo system actually furthers judicial economy. Under a de novo system, procedural safeguards can be done away with or relaxed at bench trials without fear of violating rights of defendants. Courts have found the elimination of procedural safeguards at bench trials in a de novo system to be constitutional because the judiciary will extend all safeguards to the defendant at a new jury trial if he/she so chooses. Although no statistics could be found which indicate the number of defendants appealing de novo bench trial decision, a court

Juan Sebastián Elcano, Ferdinand Magellans Replacement

Juan Sebastin Elcano, Ferdinand Magellan's Replacement Juan Sebastin Elcano (1487–August 4, 1526) was a Spanish (Basque) sailor, navigator, and explorer best remembered for leading the second half of the first round-the-world navigation, having taken over after the death of Ferdinand Magellan. Upon his return to Spain, the King presented him with a coat of arms that contained a globe and the phrase: â€Å"You Went Around Me First.† Fast Facts: Juan Sebastian Elcano Known For: Leading the second half of Ferdinand Magellans first round-the-world navigation after Magellan diedBorn: 1487 in Guetaria, a fishing village in Gipuzkoa, SpainParents: Domingo Sebastian de Elcano and Dona Catalina del PuertoDied: August 4, 1526 at sea (Pacific Ocean)Spouse: NoneChildren: A son Domingo del Cano by Mari Hernandez de Hernialde and an unnamed daughter by Maria de Vidaurreta of Valladolid Early Life Juan Sebastin Elcano (in Basque; the Spanish spelling of his name is written as del Cano) was born in 1487 in Guetaria, a fishing village in the Guipuzcoa province of Spain. He was the eldest of nine children of Domingo Sebastian de Elcano and Dona Catalina del Puerto. He was related to the Gaiza de Arzaus and Ibarrola families, who held important positions in the Casa de Contratacion in Seville, the Spanish crowns agency for the Spanish empire, a thin but later useful family connection. Elcano and his brothers became seafarers, learning navigation by ferrying contraband goods to French ports. He was an adventurer, fighting with the Spanish Army in Algiers and Italy before settling down as captain/owner of a merchant ship. As a young man, however, he led a prodigal and wayward life and often had more debts than money to pay them. Italian companies demanded that he surrender his ship to cover his debts, but he later found he had broken Spanish law by doing so and had to ask the king for a pardon. Young King Charles V agreed, but on the condition that the skilled sailor and navigator (with good connections) serve with an expedition the king was funding: the search for a new route to the Spice Islands, led by Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan. The Magellan Expedition Elcano was given the position of ship’s master on board the Concepcià ³n, one of five ships making up the fleet. Magellan believed that the globe was smaller than it actually is and that a shortcut to the Spice Islands (now known as the Maluku Islands in present-day Indonesia) was possible by going through the New World. Spices such as cinnamon and cloves were immensely valuable in Europe at the time and a shorter route would be worth a fortune to whoever found it. The fleet set sail in September 1519 and made its way to Brazil, avoiding Portuguese settlements due to hostilities between the Spanish and Portuguese. As the fleet made its way south along the coast of South America looking for a passage west, Magellan decided to call a halt in the sheltered bay of San Julin because he feared continuing on in bad weather. Left idle, the men began to talk of mutiny and returning to Spain. Elcano was a willing participant and had by then assumed command of the ship San Antonio. At one point, Magellan ordered his flagship to fire on the San Antonio. In the end, Magellan put down the mutiny and had many of the leaders killed or marooned. Elcano and others were pardoned, but not until after a period of forced labor on the mainland. To the Pacific Around this time, Magellan lost two ships: the San Antonio returned to Spain (without permission) and the Santiago sank, although all of the sailors were rescued. By this time, Elcano was captain of the Concepcià ³n, a decision by Magellan that probably had much to do with the fact that the other experienced ships captains had been executed or marooned after the mutiny or had gone back to Spain with the San Antonio. In October–November 1520, the fleet explored the islands and waterways at the southern tip of South America, eventually finding a passage through what is known today as the Strait of Magellan. According to Magellan’s calculations, the Spice Islands should have only been a few days of sailing away. He was badly mistaken: his ships took four months to cross the South Pacific. Conditions were miserable on board and several men died before the fleet reached Guam and the Marianas Islands and were able to resupply. Continuing westward, they reached the present-day Philippines in early 1521. Magellan found he could communicate with the natives through one of his men, who spoke Malay: they had reached the eastern edge of the world known to Europe. Death of Magellan In the Philippines, Magellan befriended the King of Zzubu, who was eventually baptized with the name of â€Å"Don Carlos.† Unfortunately, Don Carlos convinced Magellan to attack a rival chieftain for him, and Magellan was one of several Europeans killed in the ensuing battle. Magellan was succeeded by Duarte Barbosa and Juan Serrao, but both were treacherously killed by â€Å"Don Carlos† within a few days. Elcano was now second in command of the Victoria, under Juan Carvalho. Low on men, they decided to scuttle the Concepcià ³n and head back to Spain in the two remaining ships: the Trinidad and the Victoria. Return to Spain Heading across the Indian Ocean, the two ships made a stop in Borneo before finding themselves at the Spice Islands, their original goal. Packed with valuable spices, the ships set out again. About this time, Elcano replaced Carvalho as captain of the Victoria. The Trinidad soon had to return to the Spice Islands, however, as it was leaking badly and eventually sank. Many of the Trinidad’s sailors were captured by the Portuguese, although a handful managed to find their way to India and from there back to Spain. The Victoria sailed on cautiously, as they had gotten word that a Portuguese fleet was looking for them. Miraculously evading the Portuguese, Elcano sailed the Victoria back into Spain on September 6, 1522. By then, the ship was crewed by only 22 men: 18 European survivors of the voyage and four Asians they had picked up en route. The rest had died, deserted or, in some cases, been left behind as unworthy of sharing in the spoils of the rich cargo of spices. The King of Spain received Elcano and granted him a coat of arms bearing a globe and the Latin phrase Primus circumdedisti me, or â€Å"You Went Around Me First.† Death and Legacy In 1525, Elcano was picked to be the chief navigator for a new expedition led by the Spanish nobleman Garcà ­a Jofre de Loaà ­sa, who intended to retrace Magellan’s route and establish a permanent colony in the Spice Islands. The expedition was a fiasco: of seven ships, only one made it to the Spice Islands, and most of the leaders, including Elcano, perished of malnutrition during the arduous Pacific crossing. Elcano wrote a last will and testament, leaving money to his two illegitimate children and their mothers back in Spain, and died on August 4, 1526. Because of his elevation to noble status upon his return from the Magellan expedition, Elcano’s descendants continued to hold the title of Marquis for some time after his death. As for Elcano himself, he has unfortunately been mostly forgotten by history, as Magellan still gets all the credit for the first circumnavigation of the globe. Elcano, although well-known to historians of the Age of Exploration (or Age of Discovery), is little more than a trivia question to most, although there is a statue of him in his hometown of Getaria, Spain and the Spanish Navy once named a ship after him. Sources Fernandez de Navarrete, Eustaquio. Historia De Juan Sebastian Del Cano. Nicholas de Soraluce y Zubizarreta, 1872. Mariciano, R. De Borja. Basques in the Philippines. Reno: University of Nevada Press, 2005. Sebastian del Cano, Juan. Original of the Testament of Juan Sebastian Del Cano Made on Board the Ship, Victoria, One of the Ships of Comendador Garcia De Loaysa on Its Way to the South Sea. The Philippines under Spain; a Compilation and Translation of Original Documents. Book 1 (1518-1565): The Voyages of Discovery. Eds. Benitez Licuanan, Virginia and Josà © Llavador Mira. Manila: National Trust for Historical and Cultural Preservation of the Philippines, 1526 (1990). Thomas, Hugh. Rivers of Gold: The Rise of the Spanish Empire, from Columbus to Magellan. 1st edition, Random House, June 1, 2004.

The U.S Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The U.S Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) - Essay Example Domestic and Foreign Policy The first phase of occupation which roughly started after the end of the war from 1945 to 1947 involved the most fundamental changes that took place in Japan. America punished Japan due to its past expansion and militarism by convening war crimes in Tokyo. During this time, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) dismantled Japanese army and banned the military officers from taking roles in political roles in the government (Drohan, 2007). During this time, SCAP land reforms that were meant in providing equality in land ownership to the tenants were acquired from the landlords who supported the Japanese expansionism in the 1930s. Demilitarization and Democratization Demilitarization of Japan was a guarantee to the America that Japan would never engage in military activities. In the first two years of occupation, the industrialists and officers blamed for the war were a further hedge against a revanchist threat. Democratization was a process undertaken by Americans in Japan that no other occupation force had done before. The America performed the democratization process through remarking the social, political, cultural and economic fabric Japan and changed them based on their way of thinking (Aldous, n.d.). The tough initiative was in writing the constitution that was to be used in Japan and compelling its acceptance by the Japanese diet. One of the factors that proved the success of the occupation in Japan was the Constitution that was developed by the Americans.

Environmental Issues in Business Transactions Essay

Environmental Issues in Business Transactions - Essay Example In January 2000 after finalizing the purchased amount of seven million dollars and obtaining the assurance of Tyco that the Plant is compliant to existing environmental laws Shan finalized the acquisition of the Plant from Tyco. To reiterate this assurance the purchase contract stipulated that Tyco â€Å"will be responsible for any losses arising out of environmental clean-ups, fines or penalties†. After the purchase of the Plant, Shan discovered that it would cost more than two million dollars to make the Plant compliant to federal and state environmental laws. Shan also discovered that the potential fines and penalties for the non-compliance to environmental state and federal laws could amount to more than one billion dollars. Shan thru its owners tried in several instances to persuade Tyco to buy back the Plant at the same cost or pay for the necessary remediation cost to make the Plant comply with state and federal environmental laws. ... the final report was sent to the Chief Executive Officer of Tyco, the report was accompanied by a request from Shan for assistance in making the Plant compliant. However, Tyco ignored the report including the request. Thereafter, Shan reiterated its offer for Tyco to just buy back the Plant for the same amount it was bought to which, Tyco declined. In December 2003, Shan voluntarily reported to the Environmental Protection Agency that the Plant is not compliant to state and federal regulations. At around the same time Shan also met with the Tyco officials who promised to send documents that would prove that the Plant was in compliance with the regulations set by state and federal laws. Perusing over the documents sent over by Tyco it was determined that Tyco was not doing its responsibility to make sure that the Plant are compliant to regulations under state and federal environmental laws. On the last day of 2003, they filed a case against Tyco for breach of contract. In April 2004, the Plant was visited by state and federal environmental authorities and naturally found it non-compliant to environmental laws. It was determined that it was Tyco who suggested that environmental auditors examine the Plant. Based on their findings the state and federal environmental authorities issued a cease-and-desist order that affected forty percent of the Plant’s operating capacity. That could have greatly diminished its earning capacity thus its initiative to make the Plant compliant to environmental state and federal laws. In June 2004, Shan appealed the cease-and-desist order by asserting that the environmental problem was an issue inherited from Tyco, the previous owner. The appeal contained the findings of the independent consultants showing the extent of the violation in the

Recognizing Contract Risk and Opportunities Essay - 2

Recognizing Contract Risk and Opportunities - Essay Example In contract management process compliance is the most difficult part because the capacity to implement conformity internally (employees) and externally (suppliers) is rigid in the overall management process. In the highly expanding economic world, businesses are frequently under pressure to conform to internal and external aspects. They require negotiating for contracts instead of going to courts to ensure the execution of contracts since they are expensive and involve long process. All the companies are responsible to fulfilling the contracts as failure to comply contributes to the breach of contract in terms of poor performance and organizational alterations. Hence, it is important for organizations to bargain for prevention measures to do away with contract disputes with emphasis on delivery schedule, technical performance and scope of the organization which in the long run will set the organization free from contractual responsibilities. However, most of these businesses lack the critical concepts to monitor and manage the contracts. Hence, the establishment of Upside contract to impose the contractual agreements such as the operational compliance which guarantees that all the enterprise employees adhere to the policies and standards concerning the contract obligations and negotiations. Supplier compliance ensures that the suppliers conform to the terms of the contract including maintenance program and discounts on quantities purchased. Regulatory compliance aims at ensuring that all set out legislations are complied all the business enterprise entering into a contract. In any business traction a contract is a milestone as it depicts the association between the constricting entities state the stipulations and conditions for goods and services. It’s important to note that contracts have many difficulties for a given business including loss of savings, opportunities and liability as result of

History of antivirus software

History of antivirus software Antivirus Software History of Antivirus Software There are competing claims for the innovator of the first antivirus product. Possibly the first publicly documented removal of a computer virus in the wild was performed by Brent Fix in 1987. An antivirus program to counter the Polish MKS virus was released in 1987. Dr. Solomons Anti-Virus Toolkit, AIDSTEST and AntiVir were released by in 1988. Dr. Ahn Chul Soo (Charles Ahn, founder of AhnLab Inc) in South Korea also released the Anti-Virus software called V1 in June 10, 1988. By late 1990, nineteen separate antivirus products were available including Norton AntiVirus and McAfee VirusScan. Early contributors to work on computer viruses and countermeasures included Fred Cohen, Peter Tippett, and John McAfee. Before Internet connectivity was widespread, viruses were typically spread by infected floppy disks. Antivirus software came into use, but was updated relatively infrequently. During this time, virus checkers essentially had to check executable files and the boot sectors of floppy and hard disks. However, as internet usage became common, initially through the use of modems, viruses spread throughout the Internet. Powerful macros used in word processor applications, such as Microsoft Word, presented a further risk. Virus writers started using the macros to write viruses embedded within documents. This meant that computers could now also be at risk from infection by documents with hidden attached macros as programs. Later email programs, in particular Microsoft Outlook Express and Outlook, were vulnerable to viruses embedded in the email body itself. Now, a users computer could be infected by just opening or previewing a message. This meant that virus checkers had to check many more types of files. As always-on broadband connections became the norm and more and more viruses were released, it became essential to update virus checkers more and more frequently. Even then, a new zero-day virus could become widespread before antivirus companies released an update to protect against it. What is an Antivirus program? An antivirus program is used as a security measure and protection tool against computer viruses. The job of an antivirus program is to scan, detect and prevent viruses. Not all antivirus programs can perform these basic tasks, but this will be discussed later on in this report. Antivirus programs are an essential tool you must have installed on your computer or network. Antivirus programs offer real-time, on-access and on-demand protection for your computer. The way the programs works is based on the version of the antivirus program you have. Antivirus programs can be a standalone or can be included in a protection suite and are distributed in 32 and 64-bit versions on multiple operating systems such as Windows, Linux and Mac, allowing all different types of computers to be protected from malicious software. Why is Antivirus Software Necessary? Security is a major concern when it comes to the safety of your personal information. If someone were to access your information and use it, the consequence would be drastic. Information security is concerned with three main areas; Confidentiality peoples information should only be available to someone who has the right to view it. Availability information should only be accessible when someone needs it. Integrity information should only be modified by people who are authorized to edit it. These concepts apply to home Internet users just as much as they would to any corporate or government network. You probably wouldnt let a stranger look through your important documents. In the same way, you may want to keep the tasks you perform on your computer confidential, whether its tracking your investments or sending email messages to family and friends. Also, you should have some assurance that the information you enter into your computer remains intact and is available when you need it. Some security risks arise from the possibility of intentional misuse of your computer by intruders via the Internet. Others are risks that you would face even if you werent connected to the Internet (e.g. hard disk failures, theft, power outages). The bad news is that you probably cannot plan for every possible risk. The good news is that you can take some simple steps to reduce the chance that youll be affected by the most common threats and some of those steps help with both the intentional and accidental risks youre likely to face. Virus? What is a Virus? Before we go on and tell you how an antivirus program scans, detects and prevents viruses and malware, lets discuss what exactly a virus is. Like its genetic equivalent, a computer virus is a program that spreads unwanted and unexpected actions through the insides of your PC. Not all viruses are malicious, but many are written to damage particular types of files, applications or even operating systems. Some examples of viruses are; Trojan horse viruses, worms, spyware, adware, rootkits, and many other types of malware. Viruses have been around since the early 1970s. Even though they never had an internet connection back in the 70s viruses still infected computers by floppy disks. Yes, FLOPPY DISKS, the old 5 14 disks. The first recorded virus was in 1971 and it was called the Creeper Virus, which was written by Bob Thomas. What the Creeper virus did was it infected a remote computer by the ARPNET and copied itself displaying the message â€Å"IM THE CREEPER: CATCH ME IF YOU CAN!. Ironically the Reaper was created to delete the Creeper. The Reaper program was not like the anti-virus programs we know today, but in fact was a virus itself in that it was self replicating and spread through a network. How an Antivirus Program Works The first and most important task of an antivirus program is to protect, prevent, or block any malicious activity in your computer or home and office network in real-time. The real-time protection should trigger an alert or provide automatic action whenever a suspected or positively identified malware activity is detected. Most antivirus programs will only monitor some critical areas in your computer. When an antivirus program is installed, it will start monitoring the activity of the system by searching files that are being accessed, transferred, or stored to or from the hard disks and external/removable drives. Files that are being downloaded from the Internet are scanned. If a suspicious activity is detected, the antivirus program will automatically remove the file or stop the processes that are posing risk to your system, your contacts, or other computers or devices in on your network, unless you trust the file that you are receiving. Antivirus programs offer several types of detection methods to identify malware, but the most common detection methods is heuristic analysis and by using traditional virus detection (signature-based). 1. Characteristics of a program This is called heuristics scanning. Heuristic scanning engines work on the principle that viruses will usually use certain tricks or methods of infecting, and therefore if a program looks like it might be using those tricks, there is a possibility that the program is a virus. Sound simple? No, not really, its actually incredibly hard to write a foolproof 100% effective heuristics engine. (Engine, simply put, is just a word we use to describe the bit that drives the virus detector and compares files to the database of known infection agents) The more aggressive heuristic scanner may well detect large numbers of so called False Positives i.e. files that are really totally innocent but look like they might alter other files, the less aggressive ones might miss files that really are viruses. A method of heuristic analysis is for the anti-virus program to decompile the suspicious program, and then analyze the source code contained within. In reality heuris tics work quite well for some types of viruses, such as Macro Viruses, but not so well for other types. However, they are a reasonable attempt at providing protection against currently unknown viruses. The advantage to this method is the fact that there is no time period when the computer is not protected after specific viruses are released. The disadvantages include the fact that false positives may occur and some viruses may not be identified during the length of a scan. The first heuristic engines were introduced to detect DOS viruses in 1989. However, there are now heuristic engines for nearly all classes of viruses. 2. Footprint or Signature-based detection of virus program A virus signature is a particular pattern of bits or information contained in a virus that appears in no other file or program in the world, except for that virus. This method is the most common method used to identify viruses and false positives are very rare. It compares the virus footprint against a library of known footprints which match viruses. A footprint is a pattern in the data included in a file. Using this method, viruses must be identified as viruses, and then added to the library of footprints. The advantage to this method lies in the fact that false positives are very rare. The disadvantage to this method is the fact that there is a time period between when the virus is released to when the library of known footprints is updated. During this time period, the virus will not be recognized and could infect a computer. How do antivirus programs rate possible risk? Antivirus programs use a threat level index to determine what type of action to take. If the program is adware only, most antivirus programs will display a dialog box to inform the user why a program or related file of an adware program was detected. If the detected object is posing security and privacy risks, the threat level is medium, high, or severe. The threat level ratings by antivirus programs are not all the same. Some antivirus programs may not detect or even scan for tracking cookies. Some of these are installed when legitimate software downloaded from third-party websites is bundled with another installer from a company that is known to have a spyware or adware business. Quarantine and False Positives in Antivirus Programs Antivirus programs work also by quarantining suspect and malware files. This process is to prevent the offending objects from doing any damage in the system and to allow the end-user to restore back a quarantined object to its original location if it is found to be a false positive. A false positive detection is when a malware signature detected an uninfected file or process. In some cases, a false positive can cause a system to not to boot or run properly. If another program is affected by the false detection, the system will run normally, but not the program that the Antivirus have falsely identified and removed. Types of Antivirus Programs That Are Available On the following page there is a list, in alphabetical order, of some the companies who provide Antivirus programs and the platforms on which they are supported. Company Windows Apple Linux Mobile Free? AntiVir Yes No Yes No Yes AVG Yes No No No Yes Avira Yes No Yes Yes Yes BitDefender Yes No Yes Yes No ClamWin Yes No No No Yes ESET NOD32 Yes No Yes Yes No F-Prot Yes No Yes No No Kaspersky Yes Yes Yes Yes No McAfee Yes Yes Yes Yes No MSE Yes No No No Yes Network Associates Yes Yes Yes Yes No Panda Software Yes No Yes No No RAV Yes Yes Yes No No Sophos Yes Yes Yes No No Symantec (Norton) Yes Yes Yes Yes No Trend Micro Yes No No Yes No Vipre Yes No No No No Webroot Yes No No No No Antivirus Software Now that you have a basic understanding of how an antivirus program works and why you need one, here are some examples of three of the main antivirus programs available today. The main three that this report is going to discuss is Norton, Bitdefender, and Kaspersky. There are different types of antivirus programs available for each manufacturer and the following information is going to discuss these types of programs. Norton by Symantec Norton offers 3 antivirus programs; Norton Antivirus Norton Internet Security Norton 360 Here is a full list of what Norton by Symantec offers for their product line. (Symantec) Core Protection Blocks viruses, spyware, Trojan horses, worms, bots, and rootkits Defends against hackers with quiet two-way firewall Pulse updates every 5 15 minutes for up-to-the minute protection Advanced Protection Norton Bootable Recovery Tool repairs, restores and boots severely infected, unbootable PCs Leverages cloud-based online intelligence for real-time detection of threats Download Insight proactively warns of potential dangers in newly downloaded files and applications before you install or run them Guards against Web attacks that exploit software vulnerabilities Stops threats unrecognized by traditional antivirus techniques Filters unwanted email with professional-strength antispam Helps keep your kids safe online with parental controls (Microsoft Windows only) Networking Helps secure and monitor your home network Automatically secures your PC when connecting to public wireless networks Identity Protection Block hackers from accessing your computer Blocks phishing websites and authenticates trusted sites Secures, stores, and manages login and personal information Prevents hackers from eavesdropping and stealing information as you type Identifies unsafe Web sites in your search results Backup and Restore Automatically saves important files locally or to secured online storage Restores lost files and folders PC Tuning Optimizes the hard drive to free up disk space Optimizes PC performance with disk cleanup Provides clear insight into recent PC activities to help prevent slowdowns Optimizes application performance with one-click Support Free email, chat, or phone support Automatically finds and fixes common PC problems The following is a table of what exactly the three antivirus programs from Norton offer. Norton Internet Security Norton 360 Norton Antivirus Blocks viruses, spyware, Trojan horses, worms, bots, and rootkits Yes Yes Yes Defends against hackers with a quiet two-way firewall Yes Yes No Pulse updates every 5-15 minutes for up-to-the minute protection Yes Yes Yes Intelligence-driven technology for faster, fewer, shorter scans Yes Yes Yes Norton Bootable Recovery Tool repairs, restores and boots severely infected, unbootable PCs Yes Yes Yes Leverages cloud-based online intelligence for real-time detection of threats Yes Yes Yes Download Insight proactively warns of potential dangers in newly downloaded files and applications before you install or run them Yes Yes Yes Guards against Web attacks that exploit software vulnerabilities Yes Yes Yes Stops threats unrecognized by traditional antivirus techniques Yes Yes Yes Filters unwanted email with professional-strength antispam Yes No No Helps keep your kids safe online with parental controls (Microsoft Windows only) Yes Yes No Helps secure and monitor your home network Yes Yes No Automatically secures your PC when connecting to public wireless networks Yes Yes No Block hackers from accessing your computer Yes Yes No Blocks phishing websites and authenticates trusted sites Yes Yes No Secures, stores, and manages login and personal information Yes Yes No Prevents hackers from eavesdropping and stealing information as you type Yes Yes No Identifies unsafe Web sites in your search results Yes Yes No Automatically saves important files locally or to secured online storage No Yes No Restores lost files and folders No Yes No Optimizes the hard drive to free up disk space No Yes No Optimizes PC performance with disk cleanup No Yes No Provides clear insight into recent PC activities to help prevent slowdowns Yes Yes Yes Optimizes application performance with one-click Yes Yes Yes Free email, chat, or phone support Yes Yes Yes Automatically finds and fixes common PC problems Yes Yes Yes Bitdefender Bitdefenders product line for antivirus software is; Bitdefender Antivirus Bitdefender Internet Security Bitdefender Total Security Here is a list of what Bitdefender offers for there product line. (Bitdefender) Protection Antivirus Protects against viruses and other malware with industry-leading technology Multi-layered proactive protection against new and unknown threats Antispyware Blocks concealed programs that track your online activities Antiphishing Blocks web pages that attempt to steal your credit card data Antispam Stops unwanted e-mails from reaching your Inbox Firewall Automatically secures your Internet connection wherever you are Helps prevent outsiders form accessing your Wi-Fi network Performance Special Operating Modes Game Mode reduces system load postpones scans Laptop Mode prolongs battery life Tune-up Removes unnecessary files registry entries, for optimized performance Privacy IM Encryption Keeps your conversations private on Yahoo! And MSN Messenger File Vault Locks up confidential files in an encrypted vault File Shredder Ensures that no traces of deleted sensitive files remain on your PC Control Parental Control Blocks access to inappropriate websites and e-mail Limits kids access to the Internet, games, etc†¦ to specific times Home Network Manages the security of your entire network from a single location Data Backup Automatically backs up files and folders The following is a table of what exactly the three antivirus programs from Bitdefender offer. Bitdefender Antivirus Bitdefender Internet Security Bitdefender Total Security Antivirus Yes Yes Yes Antispyware Yes Yes Yes Antiphishing Yes Yes Yes Antispam No Yes Yes Firewall No Yes Yes Special Operating Modes Yes Yes Yes Tune-up No Yes Yes IM Encryption No Yes Yes File Vault No Yes Yes File Shredder No No Yes Parental Controls No Yes Yes Home Network Yes Yes Yes Data Backup No No Yes Kaspersky Kasperskys product line for antivirus software is; Kaspersky Antivirus Kaspersky Internet Security Here is a list of what Kaspersky offers for there product line. (Kaspersky) Protection from†¦ Viruses and spyware Infected websites Hacker attacks Spam and phishing Identity theft Features Comparison Virus and vulnerability scanner Proactive protection against programs based on their behaviour Restriction of access to private data by suspicious programs Application control Safe run mode (sandbox) to test questionable programs Network Protection Two-way personal firewall Secure wireless connections in public areas Email Protection Real-time scanning of email Anti-spam, Anti-phishing Web Protection Virtual keyboard to safely enter sensitive data Removal of Internet activity (history, cookies, etc) Parental Control Kaspersky Antivirus Kaspersky Internet Security Viruses and spyware Yes Yes Infected Websites Yes Yes Hacker attacks No Yes Spam and phishing No Yes Identity theft No Yes Virus and vulnerability scanner Yes Yes Proactive protection against programs based on their behavior Yes Yes Restriction of access to private data by suspicious programs No Yes Application control No Yes Safe run mode (sandbox) to test questionable programs No Yes Two-way personal firewall No Yes Secure wireless connections in public areas No Yes Real-time scanning of email Yes Yes Anti-spam, Anti-phishing No Yes Virtual keyboard to safely enter sensitive data Yes Yes Removal of Internet activity (history, cookies, etc) Yes Yes Parental Control Yes Yes As you can see from the previous lists, there is a difference in what the manufacturers of these programs offer. They all offer virus and spyware on their basic applications. If you want more features/protection you are going to have to spend the extra money to obtain those features/protection. All of these versions of Antivirus software offer real-time protection and do regular scans. Kind of a behind the scenes scan. Which is a good feature to have, knowing that most users just want it there to do its own thing, kind of like knowing it is protecting you but dont want to have to deal with it. Norton and Kaspersky offer protection for one year. At the end of that year you have to spend more money before you can obtain more updates from them. The good thing about Bitdefender is that when you purchase a subscription from them you get it for 2 years. S